ASA citation generator
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Getting citations and reference lists done correctly can be very confusing and time-consuming. That's why we developed BibGuru—to let you concentrate on your writing instead of stressing over how to format your references properly. We believe students shouldn't have to spend hours manually entering information or risk losing points due to citation errors.
BibGuru is a quick and easy-to-use ASA citation generator built with students in mind. Its efficient search tool lets you find books, websites, and journal articles and instantly add them to your bibliography. Start citing now:
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What is the ASA citation style?
ASA stands for American Sociological Association. The ASA Style Guide (currently in its seventh edition) was designed by the American Sociological Association primarily as a reference for authors submitting articles to ASA journals. However, sociology departments have widely adopted it as a guide for the preparation of theses, dissertations, and other types of research papers. Nowadays, it is also used by professional writers and publishers of scholarly materials on sociological or social science issues. The ASA Style Guide is primarily based on the Chicago Manual of Style.
The ASA style uses the author-date system for in-text citations (parenthetical referencing style) and a complete list of references cited at the end of an article, before any appendices. This guide will help you learn the basics of the ASA style and is based on the ASA Style Guide.
How do I cite in ASA style?
The author-date system used in the ASA style is based on the Chicago Manual of Style, which includes a brief text citation (enclosed in parentheses) and a complete list of references cited (included at the end of an article, before any appendices).
Citations in the text include the last name of the author(s) and year of publication. Page numbers are included when quoting directly from a work or referring to specific passages. Subsequent citations of the same source are identified in the same way as the first.
- If the author's name is in the text, follow it with the publication year in parentheses: .. Leach (1997) stated that..
- If the author's name is not in the text, enclose the last name and publication year in parentheses: .. (Axler 2017)
- Page numbers follow the year of publication after a colon, with no space between the colon and the page number: .. Orol (2010:1)
- Give both last names for joint authors: .. (Wardrip-Fruin and Montfort 2003)
- If the work has three authors, cite all three last names in the first citation in the text; after that, use et al. in the citation. If a work has more than three authors, use et al. in the first citation and in all subsequent citations.
- Separate a series of references with semicolons. List the series in alphabetical or date order, but be consistent throughout the paper.
How do I create my reference list in ASA?
Your reference list is compiled in a separate section at the end of your article with the title 'References'. All references cited in the text must be listed in the reference section, and vice versa. These are the main rules for creating your reference list:
- Use hanging indentation and double-space the references
- Invert the authors' names; if there are two or more authors in a citation, invert only the first one
- The reference list should be arranged alphabetically by authors' last names. If there is no author, arrange the first significant word in the title in the alphabetical sequence
- Arrange multiple items by the same author in order by the year of publication (earliest year first) and use six hyphens and a period (- - - - - -.) no space between hyphens! in place of the name(s) for second and succeeding occurrences of work by the same author
- Use italics for book and periodical titles; underline if italics are not available
This is your reference list entry for a book
Author 1 (last name inverted), Author 2 (including full surname, last name not inverted), and Author 3. Year of publication. Name of Publication (italicized). Location of publisher, state, or province postal code (or name of country if a foreign publisher): Publisher's name.
Axler, Sheldon. 2017. Linear Algebra Done Right. New York: Springer.
This is your reference list entry for a journal article
Author 1 (last name inverted), Author 2 (including full surname, last name not inverted) and Author3. Year of publication. “Title of Article.” Name of Publication (italicized) Volume Number(Issue Number):page numbers of article.
Waddock, Samuel, and Sandra Graves. 1997. "The Corporate Social Performance-Financial Performance Link." Strategic Management Journal 18(4):303-19.
While all the specific rules of the ASA citation style might sound very complicated, you don't need to worry about getting them wrong with BibGuru. Use our ASA citation generator above to create the fastest and most accurate ASA citations possible.
FAQs
🐟 Are ASA and APA style the same?
ASA is the citation style from the American Sociological Association, while APA is from the American Psychological Association. The ASA Style Guide (currently in its fifth edition) is primarily based on the Chicago Manual of Style and uses a brief text citation (enclosed in parentheses) and a complete list of references cited at the end of an article.
📚 Does the ASA style need a title page?
The ASA Style Guide recommends a title page for all papers. The title page should include the full title of the article, the name(s) and institution(s) of the author(s) (listed vertically if more than one), a running head, the word count for the manuscript (including footnotes and references), and a title footnote. An asterisk (*) following the title can be used to refer to the title footnote at the bottom of the page. This footnote includes the name and address of the corresponding author, acknowledgements, credits, and grant numbers.
✉️ What does an ASA citation look like?
ASA style uses the author-date format for in-text citations, based on the Chicago Manual of Style. When citing in-text, add parentheses with the author's last name and year of publication. You can also add a page number after a colon, with no space between the colon and the page number, e.g.: .. Orol (2010:1).
🏄♂️ Is the ASA style double-spaced?
Yes, in the ASA style, all text including your abstract, references, footnotes and acknowledgements, must be double-spaced. Only block quotes may be single spaced.
💬 Does the ASA style have a running head?
A running head is a shortened form of the title of your paper appearing on the top left header of every page of your manuscript. The words "Running head:" appear on the title page, but not on subsequent pages. It should use the Times New Roman font, be double-spaced, and no more than 50 characters.