BibGuru MHRA Citation Generator
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Stress-free and accurate citations with the BibGuru MHRA citation generator
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Getting citations and reference lists done correctly can be very confusing and time-consuming. That's why we developed BibGuru—to let you concentrate on your writing instead of stressing over how to format your references properly. We believe students shouldn't have to spend hours manually entering information or risk losing points due to citation errors.
BibGuru is a quick and easy-to-use MHRA citation generator built with students in mind. Its efficient search tool lets you find books, websites, and journal articles and instantly add them to your bibliography. Start citing now:
I want to cite a ...
What is the MHRA citation style?
MHRA stands for Modern Humanities Research Association, a UK-based international organization that aims to encourage and promote advanced study and research of humanities. It is best known for publishing the MHRA Style Guide, which can be downloaded for free on its official website (4rd edition).
The MHRA referencing style is mainly used in arts and humanities publications. To cite sources in your text, you use numbers to denote a citation (instead of naming authors in the text). These numbers are linked to a full reference in footnotes (or endnotes) and in your bibliography. Cited publications are numbered in the order in which they are first referred to in the text. They are usually identified by a superscript number, for example:
In the production process nowadays, skilled labor and computerized machines are used1.
MHRA citation basics
These are the basic rules of MHRA citations, for more details and examples, please refer to the MHRA Style Guide:
- Insert a superscript number linked to a footnote each time you quote or paraphrase another person's work
- When citing a source for the first time, provide the full details in your footnote. After that, citations can be provided in an abbreviated form (author's last name and the first few words of the title, plus a page number if you are citing a specific part of the text)
- Footnotes and endnotes end with a full stop (make sure to check whether footnotes or endnotes are required in your paper)
- In the footnotes, author names should be first name followed by last name, for example Philip Roth
- In the bibliography, author names should be last name followed by first name, e.g. Roth, Philip
- For up to three authors of a source, give their names in your bibliography, in the order they are shown in the source. For four or more authors, give the name of the first author, followed by 'and others'
How to create a bibliography in MHRA
At the end of your paper, you must provide a full bibliography with all the material you have directly cited and read. This is how your bibliography should look like:
- List your sources in alphabetical order by the last name of the first author
- Give the first author's name as last name, first name; but subsequent authors as first name, last name. We give an example below
- Sources without an author are listed by title in the alphabetical list
- References in the bibliography do not end with a full stop
- Indent the second and subsequent lines of each reference in the bibliography (but not in footnotes)
Here is an example of a book cited in MHRA:
In-text:
1
Footnote:
1. Giles Worsley, Classical Architecture in Britain: The Heroic Age (London: Published for the Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art by Yale University Press, 1995), p. 47.
Bibliography:
Worsley, Giles, Classical Architecture in Britain: The Heroic Age (London: Published for the Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art by Yale University Press, 1995)
While all the specific rules of the MHRA citation style might sound very complicated, you don't need to worry about getting them wrong with BibGuru. Use our MHRA citation generator above to create the fastest and most accurate MHRA citations possible.
FAQs
🦶 Does MHRA style use footnotes?
Yes, MHRA style offers a system that uses footnotes. In fact, the footnotes and bibliography system is the most used version of the MHRA style. This system uses superscript numbers as in-text citations, which are connected to a footnote at the bottom of the page. In this footnote the source information is given in full.
😵 Is MHRA style difficult to use?
MHRA is very easy to use with a little help of the BibGuru MHRA citation generator! All you have to do is copy and paste your source into the BibGuru website, and we will generate a completely accurate citation for you.
✒ What font should I use in MHRA style?
MHRA style indicates the use of a serif font such as Times New Roman is the best option. A font like Times New Roman helps avoid confusion of characters, such as upper-case ‘I’ and lower-case ‘l’, which can look almost identical in fonts such as Arial.
✔ Where can I access the official MHRA guidelines for free?
MHRA style has been kind enough to provide the scholarly world with the official MHRA Style Guide 3rd edition PDF file to download for free.
🔚 Does MHRA use endnotes?
Yes, alternatively to footnotes, you can also choose to use endnotes in your paper. Basically, with MHRA style, you have two options: the use of footnotes or endnotes. The MHRA system requires the use of notes in full, either at the end of a paper (endnotes) or at the bottom of each page (footnotes).